Issue 39, Winter/Spring 2025 Abstract This article uses the Hierarchy of Influences model (Shoemaker and Reese 1996; 2014) to analyze results of a 2021-2022 study of science journalism in Qatar. The study extends the HoI model by incorporating the role of corresponding and contradictory interests when assessing findings across the …

Issue 39, Winter/Spring 2025 Abstract Western media widely framed Qatar 2022 as the “most controversial World Cup in history”, with debate centering on migrant labor abuses, human rights violations, and LGBTQ+ discrimination rather than religion or culture. This article examines how YouTube videos and their comment sections reproduce, contest, or …